Parameters Monitored
Water quality parameters are essential aspects of water automation systems as they provide critical information about the condition of water. Monitoring these parameters helps ensure that water meets regulatory standards, is safe for various uses, and facilitates proactive responses to potential issues
Our compact system has water quality parameters that include chemical, physical, and biological properties and can be tested or monitored based on the desired water parameters of concern. Parameters that are frequently sampled or monitored for water quality include temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, ORP, and turbidity. However, water monitoring may also include measuring total algae, ISEs (ammonia, nitrate, chloride), or laboratory parameters such as BOD, titration, or TOC.
A variety of parameters are measured to assess and manage the quality of water. IoT-enabled devices and sensors collect real-time data, which is then transmitted to centralized systems for analysis and decision-making. Here are some key water parameters commonly monitored in IoT systems:
1. Temperature
Importance: Influences chemical reactions, biological processes, and the solubility of gases in water.
2. pH (Acidity/Alkalinity):
mportance: Affects chemical reactions, nutrient availability, and the overall balance of aquatic ecosystems.
3. Dissolved Oxygen (DO):
Importance: Essential for the survival of aquatic organisms; low levels can indicate poor water quality.
4. Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS):
Importance: Measure of water salinity and the concentration of dissolved minerals.
5. Turbidity:
Importance: Measures the cloudiness or haziness of water caused by suspended particles; affects water clarity.
6. Ammonia (NH3) and Ammonium (NH4+):
Importance: Indicators of nitrogen compounds; excessive levels can be harmful to aquatic life.
7. Nitrate (NO3-) and Nitrite (NO2-):
Importance: Measures nitrogen levels; high concentrations can lead to water pollution.
8. Phosphates (PO4):
Importance: Indicates nutrient levels; high phosphate concentrations can contribute to eutrophication.
9. Chlorine and Chloramine:
Importance: Common disinfectants in water treatment; monitored to ensure safe drinking water.
10. Heavy Metals (e.g., Lead, Copper, Zinc):
Importance: Presence of heavy metals can be toxic to humans and aquatic organisms.
11. Bacteria and Microorganisms:
Importance: Indicators of water quality and potential health risks; includes monitoring for coliform bacteria and pathogens.
12. Suspended Solids:
Importance: Measures the concentration of solid particles in water; affects water clarity and quality.
13. Redox Potential (ORP):
Importance: Measures the oxidation-reduction potential of water; indicates its ability to support chemical reactions.
14. UV Transmittance:
Importance: Measures the ability of water to transmit ultraviolet (UV) light; useful for assessing water treatment efficiency.
15. Flow Rate:
Importance: Monitors the rate of water flow; critical for efficient water distribution.
16. Water Level:
Importance: Measures the height of the water surface; useful for flood monitoring and reservoir management.
17. Total Organic Carbon (TOC):
Importance: Measures the amount of organic carbon in water; an indicator of organic pollution.
18. Chlorophyll-a:
Importance: Indicates the presence of algae; useful for assessing water quality in lakes and reservoirs.
19. Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform:
Importance: Measures bacterial contamination; crucial for assessing water safety.
These parameters are monitored to ensure compliance with water quality standards, detect anomalies, and support decision-making in real-time or near real-time. IoT systems enable remote monitoring, data analytics, and automation, contributing to effective water resource management and environmental protection.